江苏省人大常委会


江苏省历史文化名城名镇保护条例
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２００１年１２月２７日江苏省第九届人民代表大会常务委员会第二十七次会议通过

第一章 总则


第一条 为加强对历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护，继承优秀历史文化遗产，促进社会主义物质文明与精神文明建设，根据有关法律、法规，结合本省实际，制定本条例。

第二条 本省行政区域内历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护，适用本条例。
本条例所称历史文化名城，是指经国务院或者省人民政府批准并公布的保存文物古迹特别丰富、具有重要历史文化价值或者革命纪念意义的城市。
本条例所称历史文化名镇，是指经省人民政府批准并公布的保存文物古迹较为丰富、具有重要历史文化价值的建制镇和集镇。
本条例所称历史文化保护区，是指经省人民政府批准并公布的文物古迹比较集中，能够比较完整地反映一定历史时期的传统风貌和地方、民族特色的街区、建筑群、村落、水系等。

第三条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护内容主要是：
（一）城镇整体空间环境，包括古城格局、整体风貌、城镇空间环境等；
（二）历史街区和地下文物埋藏区；
（三）有历史价值的古文化遗址、古墓葬、古建筑、石窟寺、石刻、近代现代重要史迹和代表性建筑，以及古树名木、水系、村落、地貌遗迹等；
（四）城镇历史演变、建制沿革以及特有的传统文艺、传统工艺、传统产业及民风民俗等口述及其他非物质文化遗产。

第四条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护必须坚持统筹规划、有效保护、合理利用、科学管理的原则，正确处理保护与利用、继承与发展以及文物保护与经济建设、社会发展的关系。
历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区内的文物保护应当坚持保护为主、抢救第一的方针。

第五条 省人民政府和历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府，统一领导和协调本行政区域内的历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护工作，将保护工作纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，并安排专项保护经费。
第六条 县级以上地方人民政府城市规划行政主管部门，主管本行政区域内历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的规划工作。
县级以上地方人民政府文物行政主管部门，主管本行政区域内历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的文物保护工作。
建设、文化、旅游、公安、园林、民族宗教等行政管理部门，在各自的职责范围内，做好历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的有关保护工作。
第七条 任何单位和个人都有依法保护历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的义务，并有权检举、控告和制止破坏、损害历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的行为。

第八条 对在历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府或者城市规划行政主管部门、文物行政主管部门给予表彰、奖励。

第二章 申报与确定

第九条 省级历史文化名城，应当同时具备下列条件：
（一）古代区域性政治、经济或者文化中心，建城历史在明代或者明代以前，目前仍保存着丰富的地上、地下历史文化遗迹或者实物遗存，口述及其他非物质文化遗产丰富，具有重要的历史、艺术、科学价值；或者近代发生过重要历史事件，对近代历史产生过重要影响。
（二）城市传统风貌与格局具有特色，并具有代表古城风貌的历史街区。历史街区必须有一定的规模，且连成一片，至少要有一条以上的古街，其两侧古建筑仍为原物。
（三）文物古迹特别丰富，在市区或者近郊区的各级文物保护单位必须有十处以上，其中必须有省级以上文物保护单位四处以上，且文物古迹的保护与合理利用对城市的性质、布局、发展具有重要影响。

第十条 省级历史文化名镇，应当同时具备下列条件：
（一）城镇建成历史在清代或者清代以前，镇区传统风貌与格局具有特色，历史街区保存较为完整并有一定规模，其两侧古建筑基本为原物，具有较高历史文化价值。
（二）文物古迹较为丰富，保存完好。历史延续较为完整，具有特色鲜明的口述及其他非物质文化遗产。镇区的各级文物保护单位必须有五处以上，其中必须有省级以上文物保护单位。
（三）现存文物古迹、历史街区主要分布在镇区或者近郊区，对该镇的性质、布局、发展具有重要影响。

第十一条 省级历史文化保护区，应当同时具备下列条件：
（一）文物古迹比较集中，具有一定规模；
（二）区域内的建筑等要素能体现一定历史时期的传统风貌，建筑群体具有一定规模，历史建筑基本为原物；
（三）具有鲜明的地方、民族特色。

第十二条 省级历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区由市、县市人民政府向省人民政府申报，县市申报的，应当经所在地设区的市人民政府同意。具体申报材料由省文物行政主管部门接收，经省城市规划行政主管部门、省文物行政主管部门共同组织专家审核同意后，报省人民政府核准公布。
省级历史文化名镇、历史文化保护区的申报，必要时也可以直接由省城市规划行政主管部门、省文物行政主管部门联合提出，报省人民政府核准公布。
省级历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区因情况发生变化，不再符合本条例规定条件的，由省文物行政主管部门、省规划行政主管部门共同报省人民政府核准予以撤销，并向社会公布。
第十三条 国家历史文化名城的申报、确定和撤销，按照国家有关规定执行。

第三章 保护规划

第十四条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区经核准公布后，其所在地县级以上人民政府应当在两年内组织编制完成历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划，作为城镇总体规划的重要组成部分。
地方各级人民政府制定历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划时，应当事先由城市规划行政主管部门会同文物行政主管部门商定对本行政区域内文物保护单位的保护措施，纳入保护规划。

第十五条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府，应当组织文物等行政主管部门对保护范围内的地下文物埋藏情况进行普查，划定不宜安排大中型建设项目的地下文物埋藏区，其经费由同级人民政府统筹解决。

第十六条 编制历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划，应当遵循以下原则：
（一）保护和延续历史文化的风貌特点，继承发扬传统特色文化，从城镇整体风貌上确定城镇功能的改善、用地布局的调整、空间形态的保护等；
（二）根据历史文化遗存的性质、形态、分布和空间环境等特点，确定保护原则和工作重点，挖掘和研究传统文化内涵，保护和利用人文资源；
（三）从总体上采取规划措施，以利于保护和利用历史文化遗产，促进经济和社会协调发展，适应城镇居民现代生活和工作环境的需要。

第十七条编制历史文化名城、名镇保护规划，应当根据构成历史风貌的因素及现状，划定重点保护区。
前款所称重点保护区，是指历史街区和已探明的能体现城市发展脉络、遗存保存丰富的地下文物埋藏区。
地方各级人民政府应当在历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划中，确定需要保护的文物保护单位以外的具有历史、科学、艺术价值的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施。

第十八条 编制历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划，应当向社会公布，广泛征求专家、学者和社会公众以及有关部门的意见，进行科学论证。必要时，可以召开听证会。
第十九条 国家历史文化名城的保护规划，按照国家有关规定审批。
编制城镇总体规划时，应当同时编制省级历史文化名城、名镇的保护规划，随城镇总体规划同时报省人民政府审批。
已有城镇总体规划，其后单独编制的省级历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护规划，由所在地市、县（市）人民政府报省人民政府审批，县市申报的，应当经所在地设区的市人民政府转报。
历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划在报批前，须经所在地同级人民代表大会或者其常务委员会审查同意。
第二十条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地县级以上人民政府根据社会经济发展和保护的需要，对保护规划进行局部调整的，须报同级人民代表大会常务委员会和原批准机关备案。但有下列情形之一的，须报原批准机关审批：
（一）涉及影响历史文化名城、名镇发展方向和总体布局调整的；
（二）改变原规划确定的原则、整体风貌以及重点保护区的保护范围和保护内容的。

第二十一条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府应当依据已批准的保护规划，组织编制控制性详细规划，提出保护和建设的具体实施方案。
第二十二条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划一经批准，所在地市、县（市）人民政府应当予以公布，并组织实施。

第四章 保护措施

第二十三条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区内的土地利用和各项建设，必须符合保护规划的规定。
第二十四条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区范围内的建设项目，设计单位必须按照城市规划行政主管部门根据保护规划提出的规划设计要求进行设计。
施工单位必须按照城市规划行政主管部门核发的建设工程规划许可证所规定的要求进行施工，并切实保护文物古迹及其周围的古树名木、水体、地貌，不得造成污染和破坏。
施工单位在施工过程中发现地上、地下文物时，应当立即停止施工，保护现场，并及时向文物行政主管部门报告。
在历史文化名城、名镇的重点保护区内安排建设项目时，有关部门应当事先征得文物行政主管部门的同意。

第二十五条 旧城改造和新区建设不得影响历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的传统风貌和格局，不得破坏历史街区的完整。

第二十六条 保护规划确定保护的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施不得擅自迁移或者拆除，因建设工程特别需要而必须对文物保护单位进行迁移、拆除的，应当依照《中华人民共和国文物保护法》的规定报批；确需迁移、拆除文物保护单位以外的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施的，应当事先征得同级文物行政主管部门的同意。
对保护规划确定保护的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施进行维修的，应当保持其原状风貌，不得任意改建、扩建。

第二十七条在历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区内，建设项目的性质、布局、高度、体量、建筑风格、色调等，必须服从保护规划确定的保护要求，并与周围环境、风貌相协调。

第二十八条文物保护单位的保护范围内不得进行其他工程建设或者爆破、钻探、挖掘等作业，如有特殊需要，必须保证文物保护单位的安全并经原公布的人民政府批准，公布该文物保护单位的人民政府在批准前应当征得上一级人民政府文物行政主管部门同意。在全国重点文物保护单位的保护范围内进行工程建设或者爆破、钻探、挖掘等作业的，必须经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准，省、自治区、直辖市人民政府在批准前应当征得国务院文物行政主管部门同意。
在文物保护单位周围的建设控制地带内的建设工程，不得破坏文物保护单位的历史风貌，不得进行可能影响文物保护单位安全及其环境的活动。建设工程设计方案应当根据文物保护单位的级别征得相应文物行政主管部门同意后，报城市规划行政主管部门批准。
历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区范围内的建设工程，应当避开地下文物古迹。
第二十九条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区内的文物古迹，必须加以保护，及时修缮。
被核定为文物保护单位的革命遗址、纪念建筑物、古墓葬、古建筑、石刻（包括建筑物的附属物）等，在进行修缮、保养和迁移时必须遵守不改变文物原状的原则，其设计施工方案应当根据文物保护单位的级别经相应的文物行政主管部门同意后实施。

第三十条 有文物保护单位的参观游览场所，应当从门票收入中提取一定比例用于文物保护。
文物保护单位的管理部门应当采取有效的保护措施，保证文物的安全。对客流量较大的文物保护单位必要时可以对游览人数予以限制。
参观游览者应当遵守文物保护法律、法规及文物保护单位的有关管理制度，爱护文物及其设施，不得刻划、涂污或者损坏。

第三十一条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府，应当采取措施支持历史街区的保护和改造，有计划、可持续地利用所保护的历史街区、建筑物等，不得超负荷使用。
有关部门应当有计划、有重点地对保护规划确定保护的建筑物、构筑物及历史地段进行维护和整治，改善设施与环境，对保护规划确定保护的濒危建筑物、构筑物及历史地段，及时组织抢修和整治。

第三十二条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府应当组织力量，整顿流散文物市场，防止珍贵文物流失。

第三十三条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府应当组织力量，加强对当地的历史沿革、风物特产、传统地名、环境风貌、民风民俗等口述及其他非物质文化遗产的搜集、整理、研究和保护利用。
历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府应当鼓励社会力量对流散在民间的传统文化艺术进行挖掘和整理，扶持教育研究机构培养有关专业人才以及名老艺人传徒、授艺。
文化、经贸等有关部门应当扶持具有地方特色的民间传统工艺和民间手艺的整理和研究，保护、利用和发展传统工艺。

第三十四条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府应当采取措施，有效治理废水、废气、固体废弃物的污染以及噪声、振动等公害改善环境质量。
对严重污染环境、危及文物安全、破坏环境风貌的单位，当地人民政府应当依法责令其限期治理、转产或者搬迁。

第三十五条 在历史文化名城、名镇的重点保护区范围内，禁止下列行为：
（一）修建损害传统风貌的建筑物、构筑物和其他设施；
（二）损毁保护规划确定保护的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施；
（三）进行危及文物古迹安全的建设以及改变文物古迹周围地形地貌的爆破、挖沙、取土等活动；
（四）占用或者破坏保护规划确定保护的道路街巷、园林绿地、河湖水系；
（五）对保护规划确定保护的建筑物、构筑物进行改变原风貌的维修或者装饰；
（六）设置破坏或者影响风貌的广告、标牌、招贴、小品；
（七）法律、法规禁止的其他行为。

第三十六条 历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区所在地人民政府，应当鼓励社会力量捐资或者通过其他多种形式筹集资金，支持历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护。

第三十七条 城市规划行政主管部门应当会同同级文物行政主管部门定期对历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区的保护工作进行检查，及时处理违反本条例的行为，对严重违反保护规划的情况必须及时向同级人民政府和上级主管部门报告。

第五章 法律责任
第三十八条 违反本条例规定，擅自改变或者不执行历史文化名城、名镇和历史文化保护区保护规划的，对有关负责人和直接责任人员由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分。

第三十九条 违反本条例规定批准建设项目的，其批准行为无效，由批准机关的上级机关责令原批准机关予以变更或者撤销，对有关负责人由其上级主管机关给予行政处分；对直接责任人员由其所在单位给予行政处分。

第四十条 违反本条例第二十四条第二款规定，未按照建设工程规划许可证规定的要求进行施工的，由城市规划行政主管部门责令停止施工，并可处以土建工程造价的百分之三以上百分之十五以下的罚款。

违反本条例第二十四条第三款规定，在施工中发现地上、地下文物时仍进行施工，不保护现场的，由文物行政主管部门予以制止，责令停止破坏行为，限期采取补救措施，并可处以五千元以上五万元以下的罚款。造成文物损坏的，依照国家有关法律、法规的规定予以处罚。

第四十一条 擅自迁移、拆除文物保护单位，或者在迁移文物保护单位时改变文物原状，尚不构成犯罪的，由文物行政主管部门依照国家有关法律、法规的规定予以处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
违反本条例第二十六条规定，擅自迁移、拆除或者改建、扩建保护规划确定保护的文物保护单位以外的建筑物、构筑物及其他设施的，由城市规划行政主管部门责令限期改正，并可处以五千元以上二万元以下的罚款，情节严重的，处以三万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

第四十二条 违反本条例第三十五条规定的，由文物、规划等有关部门在各自的职责范围内依照国家有关法律、法规的规定予以处罚。

第四十三条 行政机关及其工作人员玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊，致使历史实物遗存、传统景观风貌遭受破坏的，由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

第六章 附则

第四十四条 本条例自２００２年３月１日起施行。
世界贸易组织法律文件


PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF
THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA


Preamble

The World Trade Organization ("WTO"), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ("WTO Agreement"), and the People's Republic of China ("China"),

Recalling that China was an original contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947,

Taking note that China is a signatory to the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,

Taking note of the Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China in document WT/ACC/CHN/49 ("Working Party Report"),

Having regard to the results of the negotiations concerning China's membership in the WTO,

Agree as follows:

Part I - General Provisions

1. General

1. Upon accession, China accedes to the WTO Agreement pursuant to Article XII of that Agreement and thereby becomes a Member of the WTO.

2. The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession. This Protocol, which shall include the commitments referred to in paragraph 342 of the Working Party Report, shall be an integral part of the WTO Agreement.

3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, those obligations in the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed to the WTO Agreement that are to be implemented over a period of time starting with entry into force of that Agreement shall be implemented by China as if it had accepted that Agreement on the date of its entry into force.

4. China may maintain a measure inconsistent with paragraph 1of Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services ("GATS") provided that such a measure is recorded in the List of Article II Exemptions annexed to this Protocol and meets the conditions of the Annex to the GATS on Article II Exemptions.

2. Administration of the Trade Regime

(A) Uniform Administration

1. The provisions of the WTO Agreement and this Protocol shall apply to the entire customs territory of China, including border trade regions and minority autonomous areas, Special Economic Zones, open coastal cities, economic and technical development zones and other areas where special regimes for tariffs, taxes and regulations are established (collectively referred to as "special economic areas").

2. China shall apply and administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations and other measures of the central government as well as local regulations, rules and other measures issued or applied at the sub-national level (collectively referred to as "laws, regulations and other measures") pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights ("TRIPS") or the control of foreign exchange.

3. China's local regulations, rules and other measures of local governments at the sub-national level shall conform to the obligations undertaken in the WTO Agreement and this Protocol.

4. China shall establish a mechanism under which individuals and enterprises can bring to the attention of the national authorities cases of non-uniform application of the trade regime.

(B) Special Economic Areas

1. China shall notify to the WTO all the relevant laws, regulations and other measures relating to its special economic areas, listing these areas by name and indicating the geographic boundaries that define them. China shall notify the WTO promptly, but in any case within 60 days, of any additions or modifications to its special economic areas, including notification of the laws, regulations and other measures relating thereto.

2. China shall apply to imported products, including physically incorporated components, introduced into the other parts of China's customs territory from the special economic areas, all taxes, charges and measures affecting imports, including import restrictions and customs and tariff charges, that are normally applied to imports into the other parts of China's customs territory.

3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, in providing preferential arrangements for enterprises within such special economic areas, WTO provisions on non-discrimination and national treatment shall be fully observed.

(C) Transparency

1. China undertakes that only those laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange that are published and readily available to other WTO Members, individuals and enterprises, shall be enforced. In addition, China shall make available to WTO Members, upon request, all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange before such measures are implemented or enforced. In emergency situations, laws, regulations and other measures shall be made available at the latest when they are implemented or enforced.

2. China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented, except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement. China shall publish this journal on a regular basis and make copies of all issues of this journal readily available to individuals and enterprises.

3. China shall establish or designate an enquiry point where, upon request of any individual, enterprise or WTO Member all information relating to the measures required to be published under paragraph 2(C)1 of this Protocol may be obtained. Replies to requests for information shall generally be provided within 30 days after receipt of a request. In exceptional cases, replies may be provided within 45 days after receipt of a request. Notice of the delay and the reasons therefor shall be provided in writing to the interested party. Replies to WTO Members shall be complete and shall represent the authoritative view of the Chinese government. Accurate and reliable information shall be provided to individuals and enterprises.

(D) Judicial Review

1. China shall establish, or designate, and maintain tribunals, contact points and procedures for the prompt review of all administrative actions relating to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X:1 of the GATT 1994, Article VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement. Such tribunals shall be impartial and independent of the agency entrusted with administrative enforcement and shall not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.

2. Review procedures shall include the opportunity for appeal, without penalty, by individuals or enterprises affected by any administrative action subject to review. If the initial right of appeal is to an administrative body, there shall in all cases be the opportunity to choose to appeal the decision to a judicial body. Notice of the decision on appeal shall be given to the appellant and the reasons for such decision shall be provided in writing. The appellant shall also be informed of any right to further appeal.

3. Non-discrimination

Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of:

(a) the procurement of inputs and goods and services necessary for production and the conditions under which their goods are produced, marketed or sold, in the domestic market and for export; and

(b) the prices and availability of goods and services supplied by national and sub-national authorities and public or state enterprises, in areas including transportation, energy, basic telecommunications, other utilities and factors of production.

4. Special Trade Arrangements

Upon accession, China shall eliminate or bring into conformity with the WTO Agreement all special trade arrangements, including barter trade arrangements, with third countries and separate customs territories, which are not in conformity with the WTO Agreement.

5. Right to Trade

1. Without prejudice to China's right to regulate trade in a manner consistent with the WTO Agreement, China shall progressively liberalize the availability and scope of the right to trade, so that, within three years after accession, all enterprises in China shall have the right to trade in all goods throughout the customs territory of China, except for those goods listed in Annex 2A which continue to be subject to state trading in accordance with this Protocol. Such right to trade shall be the right to import and export goods. All such goods shall be accorded national treatment under Article III of the GATT 1994, especially paragraph 4 thereof, in respect of their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use, including their direct access to end-users. For those goods listed in Annex 2B, China shall phase out limitation on the grant of trading rights pursuant to the schedule in that Annex. China shall complete all necessary legislative procedures to implement these provisions during the transition period.

2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, all foreign individuals and enterprises, including those not invested or registered in China, shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to enterprises in China with respect to the right to trade.

6. State Trading

1. China shall ensure that import purchasing procedures of state trading enterprises are fully transparent, and in compliance with the WTO Agreement, and shall refrain from taking any measure to influence or direct state trading enterprises as to the quantity, value, or country of origin of goods purchased or sold, except in accordance with the WTO Agreement.

2. As part of China's notification under the GATT 1994 and the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII of the GATT 1994, China shall also provide full information on the pricing mechanisms of its state trading enterprises for exported goods.

7. Non-Tariff Measures

1. China shall implement the schedule for phased elimination of the measures contained in Annex 3. During the periods specified in Annex 3, the protection afforded by the measures listed in that Annex shall not be increased or expanded in size, scope or duration, nor shall any new measures be applied, unless in conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement.

2. In implementing the provisions of Articles III and XI of the GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture, China shall eliminate and shall not introduce, re-introduce or apply non-tariff measures that cannot be justified under the provisions of the WTO Agreement. For all non-tariff measures, whether or not referred to in Annex 3, that are applied after the date of accession, consistent with the WTO Agreement or this Protocol, China shall allocate and otherwise administer such measures in strict conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement, including GATT 1994 and Article XIII thereof, and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, including notification requirements.

3. China shall, upon accession, comply with the TRIMs Agreement, without recourse to the provisions of Article 5 of the TRIMs Agreement. China shall eliminate and cease to enforce trade and foreign exchange balancing requirements, local content and export or performance requirements made effective through laws, regulations or other measures. Moreover, China will not enforce provisions of contracts imposing such requirements. Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of this Protocol, China shall ensure that the distribution of import licences, quotas, tariff-rate quotas, or any other means of approval for importation, the right of importation or investment by national and sub-national authorities, is not conditioned on: whether competing domestic suppliers of such products exist; or performance requirements of any kind, such as local content, offsets, the transfer of technology, export performance or the conduct of research and development in China.

4. Import and export prohibitions and restrictions, and licensing requirements affecting imports and exports shall only be imposed and enforced by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities. Such measures which are not imposed by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities, shall not be implemented or enforced.

8. Import and Export Licensing

1. In implementing the WTO Agreement and provisions of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, China shall undertake the following measures to facilitate compliance with these agreements:

(a) China shall publish on a regular basis the following in the official journal referred to in paragraph 2(C)2 of this Protocol:

- by product, the list of all organizations, including those organizations delegated such authority by the national authorities, that are responsible for authorizing or approving imports or exports, whether through grant of licence or other approval;

- procedures and criteria for obtaining such import or export licences or other approvals, and the conditions for deciding whether they should be granted;

- a list of all products, by tariff number, that are subject to tendering requirements, including information on products subject to such tendering requirements and any changes, pursuant to the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures;

- a list of all goods and technologies whose import or export are restricted or prohibited; these goods shall also be notified to the Committee on Import Licensing;

- any changes to the list of goods and technologies whose import and export are restricted or prohibited.

Copies of these submissions in one or more official languages of the WTO shall be forwarded to the WTO for circulation to WTO Members and for submission to the Committee on Import Licensing within 75 days of each publication.

(b) China shall notify the WTO of all licensing and quota requirements remaining in effect after accession, listed separately by HS tariff line and with the quantities associated with the restriction, if any, and the justification for maintaining the restriction or its scheduled date of termination.

(c) China shall submit the notification of its import licensing procedures to the Committee on Import Licensing. China shall report annually to the Committee on Import Licensing on its automatic import licensing procedures, explaining the circumstances which give rise to these requirements and justifying the need for their continuation. This report shall also provide the information listed in Article 3 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures.

(d) China shall issue import licences for a minimum duration of validity of six months, except where exceptional circumstances make this impossible. In such cases, China shall promptly notify the Committee on Import Licensing of the exceptional circumstances requiring the shorter period of licence validity.

2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the distribution of import and export licences and quotas.

9. Price Controls

1. China shall, subject to paragraph 2 below, allow prices for traded goods and services in every sector to be determined by market forces, and multi-tier pricing practices for such goods and services shall be eliminated.

2. The goods and services listed in Annex 4 may be subject to price controls, consistent with the WTO Agreement, in particular Article III of the GATT 1994 and Annex 2, paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Agreement on Agriculture. Except in exceptional circumstances, and subject to notification to the WTO, price controls shall not be extended to goods or services beyond those listed in Annex 4, and China shall make best efforts to reduce and eliminate these controls.

3. China shall publish in the official journal the list of goods and services subject to state pricing and changes thereto.

10. Subsidies

1. China shall notify the WTO of any subsidy within the meaning of Article 1 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures ("SCM Agreement"), granted or maintained in its territory, organized by specific product, including those subsidies defined in Article 3 of the SCM Agreement. The information provided should be as specific as possible, following the requirements of the questionnaire on subsidies as noted in Article 25 of the SCM Agreement.

2. For purposes of applying Articles 1.2 and 2 of the SCM Agreement, subsidies provided to state-owned enterprises will be viewed as specific if, inter alia, state-owned enterprises are the predominant recipients of such subsidies or state-owned enterprises receive disproportionately large amounts of such subsidies.

3. China shall eliminate all subsidy programmes falling within the scope of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement upon accession.

11. Taxes and Charges Levied on Imports and Exports

1. China shall ensure that customs fees or charges applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities, shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.

2. China shall ensure that internal taxes and charges, including value-added taxes, applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.

3. China shall eliminate all taxes and charges applied to exports unless specifically provided for in Annex 6 of this Protocol or applied in conformity with the provisions of Article VIII of the GATT 1994.

4. Foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall, upon accession, be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the provision of border tax adjustments.

12. Agriculture

1. China shall implement the provisions contained in China's Schedule of Concessions and Commitments on Goods and, as specifically provided in this Protocol, those of the Agreement on Agriculture. In this context, China shall not maintain or introduce any export subsidies on agricultural products.

2. China shall, under the Transitional Review Mechanism, notify fiscal and other transfers between or among state-owned enterprises in the agricultural sector (whether national or sub-national) and other enterprises that operate as state trading enterprises in the agricultural sector.

13. Technical Barriers to Trade

1. China shall publish in the official journal all criteria, whether formal or informal, that are the basis for a technical regulation, standard or conformity assessment procedure.

2. China shall, upon accession, bring into conformity with the TBT Agreement all technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures.

3. China shall apply conformity assessment procedures to imported products only to determine compliance with technical regulations and standards that are consistent with the provisions of this Protocol and the WTO Agreement. Conformity assessment bodies will determine the conformity of imported products with commercial terms of contracts only if authorized by the parties to such contract. China shall ensure that such inspection of products for compliance with the commercial terms of contracts does not affect customs clearance or the granting of import licences for such products.

4. (a) Upon accession, China shall ensure that the same technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures are applied to both imported and domestic products. In order to ensure a smooth transition from the current system, China shall ensure that, upon accession, all certification, safety licensing, and quality licensing bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake these activities for both imported and domestic products, and that, one year after accession, all conformity assessment bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake conformity assessment for both imported and domestic products. The choice of body or agency shall be at the discretion of the applicant. For imported and domestic products, all bodies and agencies shall issue the same mark and charge the same fee. They shall also provide the same processing periods and complaint procedures. Imported products shall not be subject to more than one conformity assessment. China shall publish and make readily available to other WTO Members, individuals, and enterprises full information on the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies and agencies.

(b) No later than 18 months after accession, China shall assign the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies solely on the basis of the scope of work and type of product without any consideration of the origin of a product. The respective responsibilities that will be assigned to China's conformity assessment bodies will be notified to the TBT Committee 12 months after accession.

14. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

China shall notify to the WTO all laws, regulations and other measures relating to its sanitary and phytosanitary measures, including product coverage and relevant international standards, guidelines and recommendations, within 30 days after accession.

15. Price Comparability in Determining Subsidies and Dumping

Article VI of the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("Anti-Dumping Agreement") and the SCM Agreement shall apply in proceedings involving imports of Chinese origin into a WTO Member consistent with the following:

(a) In determining price comparability under Article VI of the GATT 1994 and the Anti-Dumping Agreement, the importing WTO Member shall use either Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation or a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China based on the following rules:

(i) If the producers under investigation can clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to the manufacture, production and sale of that product, the importing WTO Member shall use Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation in determining price comparability;

(ii) The importing WTO Member may use a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China if the producers under investigation cannot clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to manufacture, production and sale of that product.

(b) In proceedings under Parts II, III and V of the SCM Agreement, when addressing subsidies described in Articles 14(a), 14(b), 14(c) and 14(d), relevant provisions of the SCM Agreement shall apply; however, if there are special difficulties in that application, the importing WTO Member may then use methodologies for identifying and measuring the subsidy benefit which take into account the possibility that prevailing terms and conditions in China may not always be available as appropriate benchmarks. In applying such methodologies, where practicable, the importing WTO Member should adjust such prevailing terms and conditions before considering the use of terms and conditions prevailing outside China.

(c) The importing WTO Member shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (a) to the Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices and shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (b) to the Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.

(d) Once China has established, under the national law of the importing WTO Member, that it is a market economy, the provisions of subparagraph (a) shall be terminated provided that the importing Member's national law contains market economy criteria as of the date of accession. In any event, the provisions of subparagraph (a)(ii) shall expire 15 years after the date of accession. In addition, should China establish, pursuant to the national law of the importing WTO Member, that market economy conditions prevail in a particular industry or sector, the non-market economy provisions of subparagraph (a) shall no longer apply to that industry or sector.

16. Transitional Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism

1. In cases where products of Chinese origin are being imported into the territory of any WTO Member in such increased quantities or under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause market disruption to the domestic producers of like or directly competitive products, the WTO Member so affected may request consultations with China with a view to seeking a mutually satisfactory solution, including whether the affected WTO Member should pursue application of a measure under the Agreement on Safeguards. Any such request shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

2. If, in the course of these bilateral consultations, it is agreed that imports of Chinese origin are such a cause and that action is necessary, China shall take such action as to prevent or remedy the market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

3. If consultations do not lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member concerned within 60 days of the receipt of a request for consultations, the WTO Member affected shall be free, in respect of such products, to withdraw concessions or otherwise to limit imports only to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

4. Market disruption shall exist whenever imports of an article, like or directly competitive with an article produced by the domestic industry, are increasing rapidly, either absolutely or relatively, so as to be a significant cause of material injury, or threat of material injury to the domestic industry. In determining if market disruption exists, the affected WTO Member shall consider objective factors, including the volume of imports, the effect of imports on prices for like or directly competitive articles, and the effect of such imports on the domestic industry producing like or directly competitive products.

5. Prior to application of a measure pursuant to paragraph 3, the WTO Member taking such action shall provide reasonable public notice to all interested parties and provide adequate opportunity for importers, exporters and other interested parties to submit their views and evidence on the appropriateness of the proposed measure and whether it would be in the public interest. The WTO Member shall provide written notice of the decision to apply a measure, including the reasons for such measure and its scope and duration.

6. A WTO Member shall apply a measure pursuant to this Section only for such period of time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the market disruption. If a measure is taken as a result of a relative increase in the level of imports, China has the right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than two years. However, if a measure is taken as a result of an absolute increase in imports, China has a right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than three years. Any such action by China shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

7. In critical circumstances, where delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair, the WTO Member so affected may take a provisional safeguard measure pursuant to a preliminary determination that imports have caused or threatened to cause market disruption. In this case, notification of the measures taken to the Committee on Safeguards and a request for bilateral consultations shall be effected immediately thereafter. The duration of the provisional measure shall not exceed 200 days during which the pertinent requirements of paragraphs 1, 2 and 5 shall be met. The duration of any provisional measure shall be counted toward the period provided for under paragraph 6.

8. If a WTO Member considers that an action taken under paragraphs 2, 3 or 7 causes or threatens to cause significant diversions of trade into its market, it may request consultations with China and/or the WTO Member concerned. Such consultations shall be held within 30 days after the request is notified to the Committee on Safeguards. If such consultations fail to lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member or Members concerned within 60 days after the notification, the requesting WTO Member shall be free, in respect of such product, to withdraw concessions accorded to or otherwise limit imports from China, to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such diversions. Such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.

9. Application of this Section shall be terminated 12 years after the date of accession.

17. Reservations by WTO Members

All prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures maintained by WTO Members against imports from China in a manner inconsistent with the WTO Agreement are listed in Annex 7. All such prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures shall be phased out or dealt with in accordance with mutually agreed terms and timetables as specified in the said Annex.

18. Transitional Review Mechanism

1. Those subsidiary bodies1 of the WTO which have a mandate covering China's commitments under the WTO Agreement or this Protocol shall, within one year after accession and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review, as appropriate to their mandate, the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and of the related provisions of this Protocol. China shall provide relevant information, including information specified in Annex 1A, to each subsidiary body in advance of the review. China can also raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol, in those subsidiary bodies which have a relevant mandate. Each subsidiary body shall report the results of such review promptly to the relevant Council established by paragraph 5 of Article IV of the WTO Agreement, if applicable, which shall in turn report promptly to the General Council.

2. The General Council shall, within one year after accession, and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and the provisions of this Protocol. The General Council shall conduct such review in accordance with the framework set out in Annex 1B and in the light of the results of any reviews held pursuant to paragraph 1. China also can raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol. The General Council may make recommendations to China and to other Members in these respects.

3. Consideration of issues pursuant to this Section shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations of any Member, including China, under the WTO Agreement or any Plurilateral Trade Agreement, and shall not preclude or be a precondition to recourse to consultation or other provisions of the WTO Agreement or this Protocol.

4. The review provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 will take place after accession in each year for eight years. Thereafter there will be a final review in year 10 or at an earlier date decided by the General Council.

Part II - Schedules

1. The Schedules annexed to this Protocol shall become the Schedule of Concessions and Commitments annexed to the GATT 1994 and the Schedule of Specific Commitments annexed to the GATS relating to China. The staging of concessions and commitments listed in the Schedules shall be implemented as specified in the relevant parts of the relevant Schedules.

2. For the purpose of the reference in paragraph 6(a) of Article II of the GATT 1994 to the date of that Agreement, the applicable date in respect of the Schedules of Concessions and Commitments annexed to this Protocol shall be the date of accession.

Part III - Final Provisions

1. This Protocol shall be open for acceptance, by signature or otherwise, by China until 1 January 2002.

2. This Protocol shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the day of its acceptance.

3. This Protocol shall be deposited with the Director-General of the WTO. The Director-General shall promptly furnish a certified copy of this Protocol and a notification of acceptance by China thereof, pursuant to paragraph 1 of Part III of this Protocol, to each WTO Member and to China.

4. This Protocol shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

Done at Doha this tenth day of November two thousand and one, in a single copy, in the English, French and Spanish languages, each text being authentic, except that a Schedule annexed hereto may specify that it is authentic in only one or more of these languages.

1 Council for Trade in Goods, Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Council for Trade in Services, Committees on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions, Market Access (covering also ITA), Agriculture, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Technical Barriers to Trade, Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, Anti-Dumping Measures, Customs Valuation, Rules of Origin, Import Licensing, Trade-Related Investment Measures, Safeguards, Trade in Financial Services.